Fig. 1

(A) Expression of dlx2a in migrating neural crest cells at 13 somites (15 hpf) and 15 somites, neural crest streams are labeled with Roman numerals (inset; 16 hpf, dorsal view). Expression of (B) dlx2a and (C) dlx1a at 35 hpf. d, diencephalon; e, eye; h, hyoid arch; m, mandibular arch; ov, otic vesicle, t, telencephalon. Gill arches are numbered. Scale bar: (A) 100 μm, (B, C) 50 μm. (C–E) Histograms depicting the percentage of embryos and larvae showing abnormal head development following morpholinos injection. Embryos and larvae were evaluated based on proper head growth and/or normal chondrogenesis visualized by alcian blue staining (see Fig. 2). (C) Embryos injected with dlx2aMO and (E) embryos injected with dlx1aMO + dlx2aMO were assessed at 24 hpf. (D) Embryos injected with dlx1aMO were assessed at 120 hpf. Embryos failing to undergo proper extension and convergence due to the injection or general poor development due to possible toxi3E were assessed at 24 hpf. (D) Embryos injected with dlx1aMO were assessed at 120 hpf. Embryos failing to undcity were removed prior to assessment. Numbers of animals assessed for each morpholino and concentration of the injected morpholino (mM) are indicated within or below each bar, respectively.