Temporal expression of zebrafish soul genes. qPCR was performed with cDNA obtained from wild type embryos at 1.25, 5, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 hpf. soul1, soul2 and soul4 relative levels of expression depicted in (A-C), respectively. Expression levels were normalized against rpl13a and elfa1 reference genes, as described in Section 2. Black bars represent the standard deviation.

Developmental expression of soul1. (A), lateral view, animal pole to the top; (B–D, E, E2, G and G2) lateral view, anterior to the left; (D2) transverse resin section; (F and F2) ventral view, anterior to the top. Maternal soul1 mRNA is uniformly distributed at blastula stage (A). From 11 hpf, soul1 transcription is detected in the yolk syncytial layer (B), where its distribution becomes associated with the yolk extension as shown at 16 hpf (C) and 24 hpf (D and D2). Shown in (E and F) soul1 expression in the olfactory vesicles and pituitary gland (dotted box, enlarged in E2 and F2) at 40 and 48 hpf. In (G), soul1 expression in the heart and otic vesicles at 60 hpf (dotted box, enlarged in G2). ht, heart; pt, pituitary gland; ol, olfactory vesicle; ot, otic vesicle; ye, yolk extension; ysl, yolk syncytial layer. Black bars correspond to 100 μm.

Developmental expression of soul2. (A) animal pole view; (B–H) lateral view, anterior to the left. Maternal soul2 mRNA is uniformly distributed at blastula stage (A). soul2 transcription in the ventral portion of the whole embryo at 11 hpf (B). Expression of soul2 in distinct segments of the pronephros from 18 to 72 hpf (C–D and F–H). Shown in (E) is soul2 expression in the olfactory vesicles and pharynx at 36 hpf. cl, cloaca; DE, distal early; DL, distal late; ol, olfactory vesicle; PD, pronephric duct; ph, pharynx. Black bars correspond to 100 μm.

Developmental expression of soul4. (A and E) lateral view, animal pole to the top; (B, C, F, G and H) lateral view, anterior to the left; (D) dorsal view, anterior to the top. Maternal distribution of soul4 mRNA in all blastomeres at 1.25 hpf (A). soul4 transcription in the whole embryo at the gastrula stage (E). Expression in eyes, telencephalon, pineal gland, optic tectum, and otic vesicles at 24 hpf (C and I), and in retina, diencephalon, pituitary gland, tegmentum, hindbrain, otic vesicles, olfactory vesicles and neuromasts at 30 and 36 hpf (D, G, J and K). In (H and L), soul4 transcription in the telencephalon, pineal gland and optic tectum at 60 hpf. Expression in the inner layer of the retina (H2 and L), neuromasts (M) and otic vesicles and (N) at 60 hpf. In (B and F) expression of soul4 in distinct segments of the pronephros at 20 and 36 hpf. di, diencephalon; DL, distal late; hb, hindbrain; n, neuromast; ol, olfactory vesicle; ot, otic vesicle; PD, pronephric duct; pg, pineal gland; pt, pituitary gland; rt, retina; te, optic tectum; tg, tegmentum; tl, telencephalon. Black bars correspond to 100 μm.