Trans-resveratrol induces autophagy and bacterial clearance in a zebrafish model. (A) Evaluation of LC3-II accumulation in zebrafish embryos untreated or treated with resveratrol (10 and 50 μM) and Rapamycin (40 μg/mL) by Western blot. Immunoblot analyses were performed using anti-LC3B and anti-Tubulin antibodies. Quantification of LC3-II and Tubulin was done and the ratios of LC3-II/Tubulin were normalized to that obtained for untreated embryos, defined as 1.0. (B) Representative images of the gut of GFP-LC3 zebrafish embryos untreated or treated for 24 h with 50 μM resveratrol. Images were acquired using a two-photon excitation confocal microscope. White square indicates inset area. (C) Counting of viable zebrafish-associated Salmonella at 24 h post-infection. Embryos were lysed, diluted and then plated onto TS agar plates. Data are means ± SEM of the six groups of 5 embryos of each condition. (D)Representative images of the gut of Salmonella-infected GFP-LC3 zebrafish embryos at 24 h post-infection. Zebrafish embryos were untreated or pre-treated for 24 h with 50 μM resveratrol before infection. Images were acquired using a two-photon excitation confocal microscope. White square indicates inset area.
|
