Morpholino activity. (A) 48 hpf live MO1/MO2/MO3-injected embryos (doses of 0.5 pmole/0.1 pmole/0.1 pmole, respectively) exhibit hydrocephalus, heart edema (arrow), body curvature, and reductions to the ears and eyes (arrow). (B) Amplified mature transcripts of MO2 morphants on a 0.8% agarose gel. Only one mature transcript is present in the WT, with reduction of the transcript detected in morphants injected with MO2. An additional small transcript was detected caused by the binding of MO2 to the acceptor site of intron 1 and excision of a fragment containing intron 1, exon 2 and intron 2. (C) Mature transcript results from joining of exon 1 and exon 3 and a frame shift-induced stop codon (TAA-black box) at the beginning of exon 3. cx43a expression is normally absent in the ventral diencephalon of control embryos (D), but is ectopically activated in the tbx2a morphants, (E) in the domain of tbx2a expression, and (F) in the ventral diencephalon.
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