Hormonal levels in whole-body homogenates of zebrafish larvae after bisphenol AP (BPAP) exposure ((a) T4, (b) T3, and (c) TSHβ). The results are shown as the means ± SEMs (N = 4). Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences compared with the solvent control (0.1% v/v DMSO) (p < 0.05).

Hormonal levels in whole-body homogenates of zebrafish larvae after bisphenol AP (BPAP) exposure ((a) T4, (b) T3, and (c) TSHβ). The results are shown as the means ± SEMs (N = 4). Asterisks (*) indicate significant differences compared with the solvent control (0.1% v/v DMSO) (p < 0.05).

Toxicity functions in zebrafish larvae after BPAP exposure (105.9 μg/L). Toxicity functions with −log (p-value) values higher than 1.0 (N = 3) were used in the ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA).

Effects of BPAP on (a) the time to hatch, (b) body length, and (c) eyeball size (N = 3 for time to hatch, N = 5 for body length and eyeball size). The times to hatch, body lengths, and eyeball sizes are shown as the means ± SDs. None of the effects were statistically significant compared with the solvent control (0.1% v/v DMSO) (p < 0.05).

Locomotor activity ((a) distance moved and (b) moving duration) of zebrafish larvae after BPAP exposure. The moving duration was identified as the amount of time that the zebrafish moved at speeds over 0.2 cm/s. The results are shown as the means ± SEMs (N = 6). None of the effects were statistically significant compared with the solvent control (0.1% v/v DMSO) (p < 0.05).

Comparison of the thyroid hormone-disrupting potential of BPAP with those of previously reported bisphenols, i.e., BPA, BPF, BPS, and BPZ (Lee et al., 2019).