PUBLICATION
Exposure to Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Impacts Gill Structure and Function in Adult Zebrafish
- Authors
- Montoya, X.C., Thompson, W.A., Smith, C.M., Wilson, J.M., Vijayan, M.M.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-240717-1
- Date
- 2024
- Source
- Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 113: 1414 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Vijayan, Mathilakath
- Keywords
- Cortisol, Fish, H+-ATPase, Ionocytes, Na+/K+- ATPase, Pollution, Stress Response
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Gills*/drug effects
- Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism
- Water Pollutants, Chemical*/toxicity
- Zebrafish*/physiology
- PubMed
- 39012477 Full text @ Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
Citation
Montoya, X.C., Thompson, W.A., Smith, C.M., Wilson, J.M., Vijayan, M.M. (2024) Exposure to Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Impacts Gill Structure and Function in Adult Zebrafish. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology. 113:1414.
Abstract
Total suspended solids (TSS) are a major contributor of anthropogenic impacts to aquatic systems. TSS exposure have been shown to affect the function of gills, but the mode of action is unclear. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is emerging as an excellent model for mechanistic toxicology, and as there are no baseline studies on TSS effects in zebrafish gills, we tested the hypothesis that environmental concentrations of TSS damages gill structure and function in this species. Adult zebrafish were exposed to either 0, 10, 100, 500, 1000, or 2000 mg/L TSS for 4 days to assess the gill morphology. The minimal concentration that affected the gill structure was further tested for the distribution of key ion transporters, including Na+/K+- ATPase (NKA) and vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (VHA), using confocal microscopy. Our results reveal that TSS concentration as low as 100 mg/L alters the morphology of gills, including greater filament thickness, lamellae thickness, and epithelial lifting. This was also associated with a reduction in NKA immunoreactive (IR) cell count and intensity in the 100 mg/L TSS group, while there was neither a change in the VHA-IR cell count or expression nor the transcript abundance of atp6v1a and atp1a1a4 in the gills. Markers of stress response in these animals, including levels of cortisol, glucose, lactate, and glycogen were not altered after 4 days of TSS exposure. Overall, environmentally relevant concentrations of TSS can damage the gill structure and function in zebrafish and has the potential to enhance the toxicity of contaminants acting via the gills.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping