PUBLICATION
Phenotypic Regulation of the Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Miles Apart by G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2
- Authors
- Burczyk, M.S., Burkhalter, M.D., Blätte, T., Matysik, S., Caron, M.G., Barak, L.S., Philipp, M.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-150103-1
- Date
- 2015
- Source
- Biochemistry 54(3): 765-75 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Burkhalter, Martin, Philipp, Melanie
- Keywords
- none
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Arrestins/metabolism
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Endocytosis
- G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2/metabolism*
- GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- HEK293 Cells
- Heart/embryology
- Heart Defects, Congenital/metabolism
- Heart Defects, Congenital/pathology
- Humans
- Mice
- Mutation/genetics*
- Phenotype
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptors, Lysosphingolipid/metabolism*
- Signal Transduction
- Zebrafish/embryology
- Zebrafish/metabolism*
- Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism*
- rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
- PubMed
- 25555130 Full text @ Biochemistry
Citation
Burczyk, M.S., Burkhalter, M.D., Blätte, T., Matysik, S., Caron, M.G., Barak, L.S., Philipp, M. (2015) Phenotypic Regulation of the Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Miles Apart by G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2. Biochemistry. 54(3):765-75.
Abstract
The evolutionary conserved DRY motif at the end of the third helix of rhodopsin-like, class-A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is a major regulator of receptor stability, signaling activity, and βarrestin mediated internalization. Substitution of the DRY arginine by histidine in the human vasopressin receptor results in a loss-of-function phenotype associated with diabetes insipidus. The analogous R150H substitution of the DRY motif in the zebrafish sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor 2 (S1p2) produces a mutation, miles apart m93 (milm93), that disrupts not only signaling but also impairs heart field migration. We hypothesized that constitutive S1p2 desensitization is the underlying cause for this strong zebrafish developmental defect. We observed in cell assays that wild-type S1p2 receptor is at the cell surface whereas in distinct contrast the S1p2 R150H receptor is found in intracellular vesicles, blocking G protein but not arrestin signaling activity. Surface S1p2 R150H expression could be restored by inhibition of G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2). Moreover, we observed that βarrestin 2 and GRK2 co-localize with S1p2 in developing zebrafish embryos and depletion of GRK2 in the S1p2 R150H miles apart zebrafish partially rescued cardia bifida. An ability of reduced GRK2 activity to reverse a developmental phenotype associated with constitutive desensitization supports efforts to genetically or pharmacologically target this kinase in diseases involving biased GPCR signaling.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping