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Fig. 4 Gdf6a is required for initiation of dorsal–ventral retinal patterning. The phosphorylation of Smad 1/5/8 proteins is not observed in wildtype or morphant embryos at 3 somites (A, D), nor is the expression of the dorsal markers tbx5 and bambi (G, J, M, P). Phosphorylation of Smad proteins is observed by the 6 somite stage (B), and is not detected in gdf6a morphants (E). Phosphorylation becomes more robust by 10 somites in wildtype embryos (C) and is still not detected in gdf6a morphants (F). The expression of tbx5 and bambi is initiated in the retinal tissue at 6 somites (H, N), and is not detected in gdf6a morphants (K, Q). Expression becomes more robust at 10 somites (I, O), and is still not detected in gdf6a morphants (L, R). The expression of vax2 is not detected in either wildtype or morphant animals at 3 somites (S, V). Expression is confined to the forebrain at 6 somites (T) and is not altered in gdf6a morphants (W). Expression of vax2 is detected in the forebrain and presumptive ventral retina in wildtype animals at 10 somites (U), and is mildly expanded in gdf6a morphants (X). Dotted circles delineate the optic cup. Black arrows point to the expanded expression of vax2 in gdf6a morphants.
Reprinted from Developmental Biology, 333(1), French, C.R., Erickson, T., French, D.V., Pilgrim, D.B., and Waskiewicz, A.J., Gdf6a is required for the initiation of dorsal-ventral retinal patterning and lens development, 37-47, Copyright (2009) with permission from Elsevier. Full text @ Dev. Biol.