Term Name: lipid As
Synonyms: lipid A
Definition: Glycophospholipids that are the components of endotoxins held responsible for the toxicity of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipid A is the innermost of the three regions of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecule, and its hydrophobic nature allows it to anchor the LPS to the outer membrane. Four acyl chains attached directly to two (1->6)-linked glucosamine sugars are beta-hydroxy acyl chains usually between 10 and 16 carbons in length. Two additional acyl chains are often attached to the beta-hydroxy group.
Ontology: ChEBI [CHEBI:25051]  ( EBI )

Relationships
is a type of: glycophospholipid lipooligosaccharide saccharolipid
has subtype: (beta-L-Ara4N)2-(KDO)2-lipid A (heptosyl)2-(KDO)2-lipid A (KDO)-lipid IVA (KDO)2-(lauroyl)-lipid IVA (KDO)2-(palmitoleoyl)-lipid IVA (KDO)2-(palmitoleoyl-myristoyl)-lipid A (Kdo)2-lipid A (E. coli) (Kdo)2-lipid A 1-diphosphate (E. coli) (KDO)2-lipid IVA (KDO)3-lipid IVA (KDO)4-lipid IVA 2,3,2',3'-tetrakis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-1,6-beta-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate 3-PEA-L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1->3)-L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1->5)-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-(de-O-acylated lipid A) 7-O-[(2-aminoethyl)phosphoryl]-alpha-Kdo-(2->4)-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid IVA alpha-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-alpha-D-Glc-(1->2)-beta-D-Glc-(1->4)-[beta-D-Glc-(1->3)]-[alpha-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-alpha-D-Glc-(1->2)-beta-D-Glc-(1->6)]-alpha-D-Glc-(1->5)-[alpha-D-Kdo-(2->4)]-alpha-D-Kdo-(2->6)-Lipid A alpha-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-alpha-D-GlcNAc-(1->2)-beta-D-Glc-(1->4)-[beta-D-Glc-(1->3)]-[alpha-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-alpha-D-Glc-(1->2)-beta-D-Glc-(1->6)]-alpha-D-Glc-(1->5)-[alpha-D-Kdo-(2->4)]-alpha-D-Kdo-(2->6)-Lipid A alpha-D-GalN-(1->4)-[alpha-DD-Hep-(1->2)]-alpha-D-GalA-(1->3)-[alpha-LD-Hep-(1->7)]-alpha-LD-Hep6PEtn-(1->3)-[beta-D-Glc-(1->4)]-alpha-LD-Hep-(1->5)-[alpha-Kdo-(2->4)][beta-L-Arap4N-(1->8)]-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid A alpha-D-GalN-(1->4)-[alpha-LD-Hep-(1->2)-alpha-DD-Hep-(1->2)]-alpha-D-GalA-(1->3)-[alpha-LD-Hep-(1->7)]-alpha-LD-Hep6PEtn-(1->3)-[beta-D-Glc-(1->4)]-alpha-LD-Hep-(1->5)-[alpha-Kdo-(2->4)][beta-L-Arap4N-(1->8)]-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid A alpha-D-GlcNAc-(1->2)-beta-D-Glc-(1->4)-[beta-D-Glc-(1->3)]-[alpha-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-alpha-D-Glc-(1->2)-beta-D-Glc-(1->6)]-alpha-D-Glc-(1->5)-[alpha-D-Kdo-(2->4)]-alpha-D-Kdo-(2->6)-Lipid A alpha-D-GlcpNAc-(1->2)-3-PEA-L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1->3)-L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1->5)-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-(de-O-acylated lipid A) alpha-Kdo-(2->8)-[alpha-Kdo-(2->4)]-alpha-Kdo-(2->4)-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid IVA alpha-Kdo-(2->8)-alpha-Kdo-(2->4)-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid IVA alpha-Neup5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Galp-(1->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neup5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Galp-(1->3)-L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1->3)-[beta-D-Glcp-(1->4)]-L-alpha-D-Hepp6PEtn-(1->5)-[alpha-D-Kdo-(2->4)]-alpha-D-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid A beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-Glcp-(1->4)-[alpha-D-GlcpNAc-(1->2)-3-PEA-L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1->3)]-L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1->5)-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-(de-O-acylated lipid A) beta-D-Glc-(1->3)-alpha-D-GalN-(1->4)-[alpha-LD-Hep-(1->2)-alpha-DD-Hep-(1->2)]-alpha-D-GalA-(1->3)-[alpha-LD-Hep-(1->7)]-alpha-LD-Hep6PEtn-(1->3)-[beta-D-Glc-(1->4)]-alpha-LD-Hep-(1->5)-[alpha-Kdo-(2->4)][beta-L-Arap4N-(1->8)]-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-lipid A beta-D-Glcp-(1->4)-[alpha-D-GlcpNAc-(1->2)-3-PEA-L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1->3)]-L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1->5)-alpha-Kdo-(2->6)-(de-O-acylated lipid A) beta-L-Ara4N-(KDO)2-lipid IVA beta-L-Ara4N-lipid A diphospho heptaacyl lipid A diphospho hexaacyl lipid A eritoran galactosyl-(glucosyl)2-(heptosyl)3-(KDO)2-lipid A-bisphosphate galactosyl-(glucosyl)3-(heptosyl)3-(KDO)2-lipid A-bisphosphate galactosyl-glucosyl-heptosyl-(phosphoheptosyl)2-(KDO)2-lipid A glucosyl-(heptosyl)2-(KDO)2-lipid A glucosyl-(heptosyl)2-4-phosphoheptosyl-(KDO)2-lipid A glucosyl-heptosyl-(phosphoheptosyl)2-(KDO)2-lipid A glucosyl-heptosyl-4-phosphoheptosyl-(KDO)2-lipid A heptosyl-(KDO)2-lipid A lipid A lipid A 1,4'-bis(2-aminoethyl diphosphate) lipid A 1-(2-aminoethyl diphosphate) lipid A 4'-(2-aminoethyl diphosphate) lipid A-core lipid A-core 1-diphosphate lipid A-F lipid IIA lipid IIB lipid IVA lipid IVB palmitoyllipid A phosphoethanolamine-Kdo2-lipid A